Ernest Hemingway

If Ernest Hemingway sole legacy were his theory of omission and nothing more or nothing else, he still arguably would be the singe most influential writer of his generation and all the great writers who followed. It is a rarity to find any writer worth his salt who has not been influenced the theory that the writer could and may be should take the liberty of omitting some things in his narrative as long as he was confident of them and the reader would feel them as strongly as though the reader had narrated them.Though Hemingway often countered the existence of and the significance of The Lost generation( a term he even had ridiculed as â€Å"splendid bombast† on the part of Gertrude Stein, to whom goes the credit of coining the term), yet he has been inseparably linked with it and considered by many as the leader of the movement. The Lost Generation, so vividly brought to the fore of the reader’s knowledge in â€Å"The Sun also Rises† describes the generation whi ch faced the World War I and discovered that the right deeds did not always beget good results.No longer able to rely on their traditional beliefs that gave a completeness and meaning to life, a whole generation became morally, and psychologically lost. Their whole life is a meaning less wandering almost like an aimless journey they stagger through, hiding their un-understood anguish in alcohol and false boisterous ness of Jazz( as depicted by Scott Fitzerald). Zelda and Scott Fitzerald seem to be the characters on which the caricatures of Cohn and his domineering girlfriend are depicted in TheSAR, throught the eyes of Jake.The themes, which are dealt with in the unique Hemingway style in â€Å"The Sun also Rises† are The aimless ness of the lost Generation, Male Insecurity, The Destructive ness of sex. Though the underlying sympathy towards his times is evident the themes that are dealt with in A Farewell to Arms are The Grim reality of War, The seemingly cause and effect re lationship between Love and Pain, and Illusions and Fantasies. To make the comparison and the contrast clearer it is better to look at the two works one at a time.In A farewell to Arms, as the title is indicative the novel deals with the process by which the Protagonist Frederic Henry removes himself from it and leaves it behind. The novel contains unparalleled descriptions of the brutality and meaningless ness of war without the romanticism associated with the regular genre of War novels. The scenes dealing with the retreat of the Italian Army, where along with the loss of columns of soldiers, there is a general loss of moral judgment and nerves.The moral ambiguity of Henry shooting the engineer for refusing to help free the car is a symbol of the inexplicable escalation of violence (more in the mind, where it originates) and the disorder of the war. The game of Love that Henry and Catherine begin as a distraction from their respective pains and troubles, Henry to detach himself fr om the troubling reality of a meaningless war and Catherine to put the loss of her Fiance behind her are symbolic of the emotional bankruptcy that is the results of turbulent times. Soon their Love turns from a distraction to the very core of their being.Henry’s understanding of the strength of his love for Catherine helps him over reach the empty ideals of honor in a war that never belonged to him. This enables him to flee the war and seek her out and they plan an idyllic life that is meant to be a salve for both their troubled life. However, the tragedy of the novel rests in the fact that in a world plagued by problems that are mostly unexplained and incomprehensible, even true love can only be temporary. The most convincing expression of tragedy comes when Henry says â€Å"If people bring so much courage to this world the world has to kill them to break them, so of course it kills them.The world breaks every one and afterward many are strong at the broken places† In the Sun also Rises, the entire overwhelming aimless ness of a whole generation who never seem to take their lives, emotions, love or goals, as anything important is the all-pervading theme. Though Hemingway never explicitly mentions the aimless ness, it is for all to sense in the way each of the character tries to fill hi/her days with drinking, dancing and debauchery as though they were the very essence on which their existence hinged.The novel also deals in symbols and through technique, the confusion over the entire idea of Masculinity. The ambiguity brought about by the World War where against the common perceptions of men, soldiers were required to huddle in trenches and pray more for luck than anything else was totally against the masculinity the world had understood till then. In making clear through subtle conversations that Jake is rendered impotent by the war, Hemingway also goes ahead and picturizes the other characters be it the womanizing Cohen, Drunkard Mike or Bill i n ways that do not convey the masculinity associated with them.â€Å"I can’t stand it to think my life is going so fast and I’m not really living it. † Says Cohen in a sudden moment of clarity, which pretty much seems to sum up his entire generation. The motifs in The Farewell to arms are Masculinity, Games and divertissement in relations and loyalty versus abandonment. Where as in The Sun also Rises, he deals primarily with lack of communication (no primary character, unless either drunk or in an extremely painful situation ever conducts a communicating conversation, preferring to brood and languish in the non-comprehension.), Excessive drinking and False Friendships. Rain is a powerful symbol for pain and loneliness and helplessness in The Farewell to arms where as in The Sun also Rises it is the Bullfighting that is a poignant symbol of masculinity, the romanticism inextricably attached to cruelty. It is pertinent to note that the Personal life of Ernest Hemi ngway seeps through most of his novels, his beliefs, his confusions in life, his pain and suffering and his compromises or the lack of them.One can see and speculate on the Hunter, the fond Fisherman, soldier and reporter and the writers who populate his novels as depictions of the various stages of Hemingway’s life. There is rarely another write in American Literature who can justifiably lay claim to have seen, touched and felt about most circumstances that he is writing about (or in Hemingway’s case indicating but omitting). Hemingway lived the life of several of his protagonists and many who read his biography rarely come up with a question as to why he had to commit suicide.A person who lived life mostly on his won terms and felt so deeply for human suffering in times of turbulence, and clung on to a value system he wanted to survive in spite of the vagaries of the war, could not have possibly let fate decide his end. From Three stories & ten poems to The Old man a nd the sea through the path breaking For whom the bell tolls or the two other works discussed in these pages, Hemingway has enriched this period of American literature with his writings. Books referred to but not quoted Ernest Hemingway A reconsideration by Philip Young Penn state Press 1966

Clarkson Lumber Company Essay

(1) Background: CLC was founded in 1981 by Mr. Clarkson and brother-in-law Henry Holtz in the Pacific Northwest. The company has experienced rapid growth over the recent years and it is anticipated to continue. Mr. Clarkson bought out Mr. Holtz for $200,000 to become the sole owner. This resulted in the need of more cash inflow from the bank. Even with consistent profits, the company has suffered a shortage of cash and has borrowed funds needed for business growth. (2) Major Problem(s): CLC’s current ratio (formula 1) has deteriorated which led to a shortage of funds while still being profitable. The company’s average collection period (formula 2) and debt ratio (formula 3) have increased which also signals problems. CLC buys its inventory in large quantities from the suppliers in order to take advantage of a 2% trade discount but has been unable to receive the discount due to the increasing average collection period and inventory turnover. (3) Alternative Courses of Action: i. Acquire more bank credit ii. Reduce rate of growth to more sustainable level iii. Reevaluate customers who can purchase on credit (4) Brief Analysis of Alternatives: i. CLC must improve their current ratio to ensure the bank it will have the ability to repay a larger loan. ii. CLC has seen operating expense increase dramatically between 1993 and 1995. CLC needs to reconsider the amount of inventory to be held on hand and scale back operations if inventory turnover continues to increase. iii. Due to the increasing average collection period, CLC needs to seriously reconsider allowing some customers to purchase on credit and do more thorough credit analysis. An increasing average collection period does not allow CLC to take advantage of the 10 day 2% trade discount. (5) Suggested Course of Action: CLC should seek to increase the $750,000 loan from the bank but with severe restrictions. The company should be required to reduce accounts receivable and inventory and strict control of future investments to reduce cash outflow. Formula 1: Current Ratio 1993: $686/275 = 2.49 1994: $895/565 = 1.58 1995: $1249/1188 = 1.05 Formula 2: Average Collection Period 1993: $306/(2921/365) = 38.24 1994: $411/(3477/365) = 43.15 1995: $606/(4519/365) = 48.95 Formula 3: Debt Ratio 1993: $415/919 = .45 1994: $785/1157 = .68 1995: $1188/1637 = .73

Marketing Starbucks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Marketing Starbucks - Essay Example Further there is provided an overview of the Starbucks Corporation and its current business activity. Based on the key findings of the food and beverage industry and marketing strategy of the Starbucks Corporation there have been developed several recommendations for the American-based coffee retailer operating in the UK market. These recommendations included the following: putting more efforts towards promoting the uniqueness and special Starbucks experience offered to the British customers; focusing more on the development and promotion of the healthy food; developing more flexible pricing strategy, special offers and discounts to the British consumers. Starbucks Corporation has a long history of the transformation and business growth. The company began its existence in 1971 as a roaster and retailer of ground and whole bean coffee, spices and tea in Seattle, US. Nowadays, the company has global presence and its overall business is operated through almost 20, 000 retails stores worldwide (Starbucks Company Profile 2014). The mission of the company is â€Å"to inspire and nurture human spirit – one person, one cup and one neighborhood at a time† (Starbucks Company Profile 2014, 1). The company has aligned its business strategy with the sustainability and has undertaken a set of initiatives aimed at ethical sourcing, environmental stewardship and involvement of community (Starbucks Company Profile 2014). Starbucks is operating in the food and drink sector, namely in the Takeaway and Fast-Food restaurants industry. While the industry has faced a recession during the past few years as a result of global financial crisis, majority of operator have benefited from this as consumer’s behavior shifted from more expensive meals to cheaper alternatives (Connel 2014). Another shift of the consumers’ behavior is continuously increasing towards low-fat, low-salt, and

On the Natural Order of Opulence Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

On the Natural Order of Opulence - Assignment Example the occurrence exploitation in that system along with mentioning the oust and superseding of that system with bartering system that commeasures the whole society along with establishment of robust enforced system (Smith). The article further asserted upon the accent of megalopolis for being a platform for accession of surplus as well as economy. By keeping emphasize on metropolis and metropolitans alms for the city. Ultimately, the writer makes a contrast between those citizenry in which dearth of equity is observed along with the termination of provision of privileges to their skilful and laborers with those societies where egalitarianism is followed along with justified privileges to the artificers. He further laid stress on the comparison of development of affluence along with thriving of both countries which reveals a healthy difference along with superimposing of egalitarianism based country (Smith). Although a little partiality is observed as well the accent of the found to be was city dwellers and artificers with a little tint of sarcasm in the tone but the deliverance of the argument was well written. Regarding the feudalism I have gone through one article before titled â€Å"Feudalism in Europe during the Middle Ages† by Michael Totten that supports the argument followed in this article. However, I have never been through any article opposing this argument. Conclusively, this article is a scaffold to comprehend the facts and figures regarding the natural order of opulence that will flourish a country towards

Business History - coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business History - coursework - Essay Example In Britain ownership is much less concentrated, with almost half of all shareholdings-generally by the financial sector-amounting to less than 5 percent of company stock. (2) In Germany-in contrast to Britain-the network of interlocking directorates is closely related to the capital network, i.e., it serves to enhance the power of the owners. (3) In Germany-in contrast to Britain-both networks are concentrated within the same industry, i.e., potential competitors are associated with one another. Germany thus illustrates 'co-operative capitalism' whereas Britain exemplifies 'competitive capitalism'. According to Porter (2006), "He found a relatively consistent pattern of basic changes in strategy being followed by major adjustments in organizational design. The changes inorganizational design roughly matched the needs for information and decisions called for in the new strategy. Chandler called the organizational design that emerged during this period the multiple division form, replacing a unitary/functional form. The three key elements of a multiple division design are, first, activities must be divisible into relatively elements of a multiple division design are, first, activities must be divisible into relatively independent bundles of activity. Second, there is a central guidance group which is supported by an analytic staff and which has the power to discipline the actions of the various divisions. And third, there are summary statistics that make possible interdivisional comparisons for purposes of evaluating the performance of divisions." Summary performance measures and their development strongly led to the success of the M-corporation. The fall of the system can be explained relatively simply, too. According to Porter (2006), "Implementation of this new strategy requires, I argue, substantial changes in institutional structures. This project traces the emergence of this new strategy and suggests institutional design changes appropriate to more effective implementation of the new strategy." The advantages of the 'networked' firm in the modern global economy. Networked firms can obtain significant competitive advantage in the modern global economy. Their products and services are hard to copy. In the beginning, networked firms rely on their partners for comparable assets. One must be careful to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of such boundary-crossing in a networked firm, however (Jones and Zeitlan, 2010). In networked firms, open innovation can occur. This means that networked firms can use open ideas to benefit one another. They should use both internal and

Asset Management Discussion Post 6 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Asset Management Discussion Post 6 - Coursework Example For purposes of recording keeping, a broker may inquire about the customer’s name, address, and date of birth, driver’s license, employment status, annual income, and net worth. This information helps to verify identification of the client and check whether the client appears in any known or suspected terrorists groups or agencies. Other questions would be whether a brokerage firm and their annual income employ them. Details of telephone number and account investment objectives are also crucial questions. This information must be obtained in good faith but if the customer neglects to provide such information then a broker can break the rule of good faith in obtaining such information. As a broker, questions asked must be periodically repeated to check accuracy over a certain period. According to the SECs, rules every brokerage firm is required to send information obtained from a client periodically for verification (Markham, 2014). There are certain characteristics that a client must possess for the investment to make sense. The main characteristic of the client is the suitability for investments. The broker might inquire about the income of the client and their net worth. The broker may inquire about security holdings, risk tolerance, and investment objectives of the client. All this is contents that must be there for one to be deemed suitable to create a portfolio in any

Critical perspectives on Management (this is not the topic of essay) Essay

Critical perspectives on Management (this is not the topic of ) - Essay Example Though management has improved over a period, most things have remained the same. Management theory and practice have been touted as the most important as one of the important strategies however the scientific management and theories and practice differs a lot. In that the scientific theories that we learned from Fall to what really is on the ground brings out its main difference. Whether it’s because of its objectivity, cost or even expertise if fails in achieving its core objective. The focus of this study will be the critical issues about the assumptions in business and also why a lot of careful consideration has to be done and why management theory and practice is not after all the most effective management tool. The practice employed might be realistic it is not enough to administer the same theories over and over. It is easy to describe though some theories have been very important to the world of business they have brought about negative examples to the business industry and it is therefore important to analyze what does not work for the firm and management. The assumption of scientific theories help in managing business not forgetting that they are expensive to incur and set up for any firm and sometimes they are not tailor made for the organization. The critics of this ponder just because a feature like a decentralization worked in company X that is a multinational does not make it a must to work in company Y. Thus, it will not be realistic to assign one organization on the mere fact it worked in another (Schweiger(1991). Though the scientific management theory focused more on employee it failed to realize that sometimes the challenges may not be an employee but the resources and expertise accorded to him/her. It also focused on the human behavior only in the workplace and not everywhere the employee would visit (Schein, E.H. (1980). The other theory is the, general administrative theory which